Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K M N O R S T U W Y Z

A

agemaki (揚巻) – tassel that holds up the middle of the azuchimaku
akuran (握卵) – the feeling of holding the yumi as if it were an egg
ariake no nerai (有明の狙い) – another word for yami no nerai
ashi no toji kata (足のとじ方) – principle of moving your feet when you start walking
ashibumi (足踏み) – stage one of the hassetsu - foot placement
ashitsukebushi (足付節) – the joint just above the yazuridō on the todake side of a takeyumi
ataru (中る) – to hit following correct shooting form (cf. seishahitchū)
ateki (中て気) – a desire to hit the mato, which is contrary to the goal of kyudo
ateru (中てる) – to hit following incorrect shooting form, a meaningless hit
ateyumi (中て弓) – a person who ignores the basics of correct shooting, and is only interested in hitting the mato
awasebanare (合わせ離れ) – hanare without nobiai and releasing by adjusting both hands to match
azuchi (安土) – target berm in the matoba
azuchimaku (安土幕) – curtain that hangs at the front of the matoba
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B

betaoshi (べた押し) – the yumi is pushed forward with the palm, with the wrist bent (cf. nakaoshi, shitaoshi)
biku (びく) – an unconscious and abrupt contraction in kai
bōshi (帽子 / 拇指) – the piece of leather on the uppermost part of the outside of the thumb on the kake
bōshikazari (帽子飾) – decorative stitching along the joint between the koshi and the bōshi on the kake, also called ichimonjikazari
bushakei (武射系) – the "traditional" form of shooting, using nisoku ashibumi and holding the ya by the yajiri in toriyumi no shisei (cf. reishakei)
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C

chijimi (縮み) – kiryoku, shoulders, elbows, etc. become slack in kai
chūdō (中胴) – a balanced, centered body posture when drawing the yumi (see godō)
chūriki (肘力 / 中力) – another term for daisan
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D

daigawa (台革) – the large flap of leather that covers the wrist on the kake
daiichi kaizoe (第一介添え) – first kaizoe to ite at a sharei
daini kaizoe (第二介添え) – second kaizoe to ite at a sharei
daisan (大三) – intermediate stage in hikiwake, when about half the yazuka has been drawn
dakimato (抱き的) – the ashibumi line points behind the mato (cf. shoimato)
dan (段) – a practitioner's level, awarded after successfully passing a shinsa
deguchi (出口) – another word for taijoguchi
dekata (出肩) – the left shoulder is pushed forward in front of the body (cf. nokigata)
deki (出木) – the tsuru is too far to the left on the yumi (cf. iriki)
dō (胴) – the middle part of the yumi
dōgi (道着) – another word for keikogi
dōhai (同輩) – person who has practiced as long/has the same grade as you (cf. kōhai, sempai)
dōhōki (道宝木) – wooden dowels used when preparing the nakajikake
dōjō (道場) – training hall
dōzukuri (胴造り) – stage two of the hassetsu - arranging the correct body position
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E

enbu (演武) – demonstration
enkin (遠近) – a competition where the one hitting closest to the centre of the mato wins (cf. izume)
ensō (円相) – rounded shape of the arms in yugamae (cf. yumifutokoro)
enteki (遠的) – long-distance shooting at 60 m (cf. kinteki)
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F

fudeko (筆粉) – rice ash for the bow hand, to stop the nigiri from slipping
fudekoire (筆粉入れ) – fudeko container
fukairei (深い礼) – another word for sōshurei
fukuro (袋) – bag
furoshiki (風呂敷) – wrapping cloth
fushi (節) – joint on a length of bamboo
fushidō (伏し胴) – when the body is bent forward, also called kagamudō (see godō)
futate (二手) – another word for yotsuya
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G

gakugi (額木) – transport protector for the sekiita on a takeyumi
gassaibukuro (合切袋) – bag for keeping equipment
gasshuku (合宿) - training camp
gensoku no maai (原則の間合い) – the slowest timing in a mochimato sharei (also called tsurube) (cf. monomigaeshi no maai and torikake no maai)
geza (下座) – another word for shimoza
giriko (ぎり粉) – powdered resin for the kake
girikoire (ぎり粉入れ) – giriko container
gobu no tsume (五部の詰) – the correct firming of the five points - left fist, left shoulder, chest, right shoulder, right fist
godō (五胴) – the five postures, also called goshin - (see chūdō, soridō, fushidō/kagamudō, kakarudō/totsudō, hikidō/nokidō)
gōgushi (侯串) – stake to hold the matowaku
gojūjūmonji (五重十文字) – "the five crosses" - elements of a properly constructed kai
gomuyumi (ゴム弓) – rubber sling used for practicing hikiwake
goshin (五身) – another word for godō
gōshurei (合手礼) – the deepest zarei, where the palms are in contact with the floor and the fingertips and thumbs form a triangle in front of the knees (cf. sesshurei, shikenrei, sōshurei, takushurei)
gyōsha (行射) – the shooting movements when drawing the yumi
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H

ha (弝) – another word for nigiri
habiki (羽引き) – drawing the yumi to clear the feathers as the finishing step of yugamae
hachibu no tsume (八部の詰) – the correct firming of the eight points - gobu no tsume plus the feet, lower back, and tanden
hadaire (肌入れ) – putting the left sleeve back on after hadanugi
hadanugi (肌脱ぎ) – removing the left sleeve when shooting while wearing wafuku
hagoki (羽ごき) – smoothing the feathers of a ya
hajime (始め) – command to start
hakama (袴) – wide trousers
hakiya (掃き矢) – a released ya that scrapes along the ground before reaching the azuchi
hanakabushi (羽中節) – the joint of a takeya shaft that lies in the middle of the fletching, the fourth joint from the yajiri
hanare (離れ) – stage seven of the hassetsu - the release
hane (羽) – feather
hangetsu no nerai (半月の狙い) – aiming by cutting the mato in half with the left edge of the yazurido, sometimes (confusingly) also called ariake no nerai
hanshi (範士) – highest master rank (see shōgō)
hansoku (半足) – a half step
haragawa (腹皮) – the piece of (white) leather that covers the inside of the thumb on the kake (called tsutsumigawa in the Kyōhon)
haraubanare (払う離れ) – hanare that looks as if you are trying to sweep something away in front of you
hari (張り) – tension
harigao (張顔) – another word for yuminari
hashiriba (走り羽) – the top hane of a nocked ya
hassetsu (八節) – the eight stages of the shooting ritual
hawake (羽分け) – to hit with half of the arrows (cf. kaichū and zannen)
haya (甲矢) – the first ya
hayake (早気) – premature hanare
hazu (筈) – nock
hazu (弭) – the ends of the yumi, where the tsuru is attached
hazukammuribushi (弭冠節) – the first joint from the top on the todake side of a takeyumi
hazukobore (筈零れ) – another word for yakobore
hazure (外れ) – a miss (cf. tekichū)
heijōshin (平常心) – a calm, unperturbed mind
hikae (控) – the stiff part covering the upper side of the wrist on the kake, also called ichi no koshi
hikae (控) – waiting area/spectator area in the dōjō
hikaekazari (控飾) – decorative stitching along the joint between the hikae and the daigawa on the kake
hikagami (ひかがみ) – the back of the knee
hikanuyazuka (引かぬ矢束) – yazuka ippai is achieved, with correct tsumeai and nobiai in kai
hikidō (引胴) – another word for nokidō (see godō)
hikiwake (引分け) – stage five of the hassetsu - the draw
hikkakebushi (引掛節) – the first joint from the bottom on the todake side of a takeyumi
hikuyazuka (引く矢束) – overdraw
himezori (姫反り) – the uppermost reflex curve of the yumi
himezoribushi (姫反り節) – the first joint from the top on the uchidake side of a takeyumi
hineri (捻り) – inward rotation of the kake during torikake
hinerikawa (捻り皮) – the (white) piece of leather that covers the base of the forefinger on the kake
hi no wa (日の輪) – upper tsuruwa
hirakiashi (開き足) – turning on the knees
hirazuke (平付け) – the back of the right hand faces forwards in kai
hitote (一手) – a pair of arrows
hitotsumato sharei (一つ的礼) – sharei where several ite shoot at a single mato
honza (本坐) – preparation line in the shajō
hoshimato (星的) – target face with a single central spot (cf. kasumimato)
hōzuke (頬付け) – the contact of the ya to the cheek in kai, one of the six checkpoints in kai
hōzuriba (頬摺り羽) – the inner hane of a nocked ya, also called yuzuriba
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I

ichimonjikazari (一文字飾) – another word for bōshikazari
ichi no koshi (一の腹) – another word for hikae
ikasu (生かす) – lifting one knee in kiza
ikiai (息合い) – the method of breathing
iriguchi (入口) – another word for nyujoguchi
iriki (入木) – the tsuru is too far to the right on the yumi (cf. deki)
ishizuki (石突き) – end protector for the yumi
issha zetsumei (一射絶命) – kyudo saying - "one shot and expire", shoot every arrow as if it were your last
issoku (一足) – one-step ashibumi
itatsuki (板付) – another word for yajiri
itsukebushi (射付節) – the joint of a takeya shaft that is closest to the yajiri
ite (射手) – the person doing the shooting at a sharei
izume (射詰め) – a competition where the one who misses the mato is eliminated (cf. enkin)
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J

jiman (自満) – a state of fullness at the moment of hanare
jiman (持満) – the moment in kai waiting for one's seiki to become full
jōza (上座) – another word for kamiza
jundachi (順立) – shooting in a group, in order from no. 1 and up, one arrow at a time
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K

kaeya (替矢) – reserve ya for unforeseen circumstances, also called yobiya
kaeyumi (替弓) – reserve yumi for unforeseen circumstances, also called yobiyumi
kaezuru (替弦) – reserve tsuru for unforeseen circumstances, also called yobizuru
kagamudō (屈む胴) – another word for fushidō (see godō)
kai (会) – stage six of the hassetsu - full draw
kaichū (皆中) – to hit with all arrows (cf. hawake and zannen)
kaizoe (介添え) – assistant to the ite during sharei
kakarudō (懸る胴) – leaning towards the mato, also called totsudō (see godō)
kake/yugake (弽) – shooting glove
kakebukuro (弽袋) – bag for the kake
kakebushi (掛節) – the second joint from the top on the todake side of a takeyumi
kakeguchi (掛口) – the part of the tsurumakura where the tsuru is nocked on
kakeguchijūmonji (掛口十文字) – the cross between the tsuru and the thumb of the kake
kakehimo (弽紐) – strap for tying on the kake
kamidana (神棚) – shinto shrine often placed at the kamiza
kamiza (上座) – the higher position, the front side of the shajō, also called jōza
kamikiritsumedō (上切詰籐) – rattan wrapping at the upper end of a takeyumi that holds the todake, uchidake and uwasekiita together
kanteki (串的) – to hit with correct technique (cf. tōteki, zaiteki)
kantekijō (看的所) – protective cover for officials at the matoba
karahazu (空筈) – the ya comes loose during hikiwake, but does not fall
kashinjōtai (下進上退) – a principle of moving - when moving forward, start with the foot closest to the shimoza; when moving backwards, start with the foot closest to the kamiza (cf. sashinutai)
kasumimato (霞的) – target face with concentric circles (cf. hoshimato)
katabanare (片離れ) – hanare with only one hand, right or left
kataire (肩入れ) – drawing the yumi only to test its strength, or for warming up
kataya (片矢) – a single ya
katte (勝手) – the right hand (oshide - katte)
kattebanare (勝手離れ) – hanare with only the right hand
kazaridō (飾り籐) – decorative rattan wrapping on a yumi
kazugeiko (数稽古) - practice by repetition
keiko (稽古) – practice
keikogi (稽古着) – practice dress, also called dōgi
ki (気) – mental energy
kiai (気合い) – focussing ki
kihondōsa (基本動作) – the eight basic movements
kihonshisei (基本姿勢) – the four basic postures
kihontai (基本体) – the four basic postures and eight basic movements
kihontaikei (基本体型) – the body shape formed by the tateyokojūmonji and gojūjūmonji
kimono (着物) – see wafuku
kinteki (近的) – close-distance shooting at 28 m (cf. enteki)
kirisage (切り下げ) – one or both hands drop at hanare
kiryoku (気力) – willpower
kisha (騎射) – general term for horseback archery (cf. yabusame)
kiza (跪坐) – kneeling on knees and toes
kobanare (小離れ) – a small hanare with the right hand
kōhai (後輩) – person who has practiced shorter/has a lower grade than you (cf. dōhai, sempai)
kohimo (小紐) – the thin strap that runs from the hikae to the kakehimo on the kake
kohimotōshi (小紐通し) – the eyelet on the inside of the daigawa that the kohimo runs through
kokō (虎口) – the skin between the thumb and forefinger on the left hand
koshi (腹) – the piece of leather that covers the outside of the root of the thumb on the kake, also called ni no koshi
koshikazari (腹飾) – decorative stitching along the joint between the koshi and the hikae on the kake
kosori (小反) – the lowermost reflex curve of the yumi
kosoribushi (小反節) – the first joint from the bottom on the uchidake side of a takeyumi
kubiore (首折れ) – the bow breaks under the uwasekiita
kuchiwari (口割) – the ya being on a level with the corner of the mouth
kufūgeiko (工夫稽古) – mental practice
kurai no nerai (暗の狙い) – another word for yami no nerai
kuraidori (位取り) – practicing entering and exiting the dōjō
kurikomi (繰り込み) – holding the hazu and sliding it towards the tsuru during yatsugae
kusune (薬煉) – resin for the tsuru
kyōgi (競技) – competition
kyōgi no maai (競技の間合い) – competition timing
kyōseiki (矯正器) – shaping blocks for takeyumi
kyōshi (教士) – intermediate master rank (see shōgō)
kyūha (弓把) – the distance between the tsuru and the nigiri of a strung yumi
kyūha (弓弝) – another word for nigiri
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M

maai (間合い) – correct timing and distance
maedake (前竹) – another word for uchidake
maebiki (前引き) – drawing the yumi in front of the body
magusune (まぐすね) – another word for waraji
makiwara (巻藁) – straw bale for shooting practice
mangetsu no nerai (満月の狙い) – aiming by seeing the whole mato to the left of the yazurido, also called mochizuki no nerai
mata (股) – the joint between the thumb and forefinger on the kake
mato (的) – target
matoba (的場) – target area in the dōjō
matomae sharei – sharei where several ite shoot at their own mato, in standard tachi procedure
matoshōmen (的正面) – in the direction of the mato
matogami (的紙) – target face
matowaku (的枠) – target frame
medōri (目通り) – eye level
meibo (名簿) – list with names stating the shooting order
mete (馬手 / 妻手) – the right hand (yunde - mete)
metebanare (馬手離れ) – hanare where the right hand is stronger than the left
metsuke (目付け) – another word for mezukai
metsukebushi (目付け節) – the joint just above the yazuridō on the uchidake side of a takeyumi
mezukai (目づかい) – using the gaze, also called metsuke
mitorigeiko (見取り稽古) – learning by watching
mitsugake (三つ弽) – a three-finger kake
mochimato sharei (持ち的射礼) – sharei where several ite shoot at their own mato
mochizuki no nerai (望月の狙い) – another word for mangetsu no nerai
momodachi (股立) – another word for wakinaka
monomi (物見) – turning one's gaze to look at the mato
monomigaeshi (物見返し) – returning one's gaze from looking at the mato
monomigaeshi no maai (物見返しの間合い) – the middle timing in a mochimato sharei (cf. gensoku no maai and torikake no maai)
morogake (諸弽) – a five-finger kake
motare (もたれ) – staying in kai too long and missing the opportunity for a well-timed hanare
motohagi (本矧) – the binding of the fletching on a ya on the side closest to the yajiri, also called shitahagi
motohazu (本弭) – lower hazu of the yumi
mudan (無段) – a practitioner who has not yet reached the dan levels
mukō (無効) – an invalid arrow during competition
mukōba (向羽) – another word for togakeba
munazuru (胸弦) – the tsuru lies across the chest in kai, one of the six checkpoints in kai
muneate (胸当て) – chest protector for women
munewari (胸込) – another word for warikomi
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N

nakajikake (中仕掛け) – nocking point on the tsuru, also used of the hemp fibers used to build this point
nakaoshi (中押し) – correct tenouchi, pushing with a straight wrist through the thumb and middle finger (cf. betaoshi, shitaoshi)
namisun (並み寸) – a yumi of standard length (2.21m)
nerai (狙い) – aiming, one of the six checkpoints in kai
nigiri (握り) – the grip of the yumi, also called ha or kyūha
nigirikawa (握り皮) – leather strap that is glued around the nigiri
nigirishitadō (握り下籐) – decorative rattan wrapping on a yumi, just below the nigiri
ni no koshi (二の腹) – another word for koshi
nisoku (二足) – two-step ashibumi
nisun/nisunnobi (二寸 / 二寸伸) – a yumi that is 2 sun (6cm) longer than a standard yumi, also called nobisun
no (箆) – arrow shaft
nobiai (伸合い) – mental expansion in kai, one of the six checkpoints in kai
nobisun (伸び寸) – a yumi that is 2 sun (6cm) longer than a standard yumi, also called nisunnobi
nobiyumi (伸び弓) – a yumi that is longer than the standard 2.21m
nokidō (退き胴) – leaning away from the mato, also called hikidō (see godō)
nokigata (退肩) – the left shoulder is pulled back behind the body (cf. dekata)
nokuhanare (退く離れ) – hanare where the body is pulled back and both hands release towards the front
nonakabushi (箆中節) – the joint of a takeya shaft that is closest to the center of the ya, the second joint from the yajiri
noshirabe (箆調べ) – checking the ya during yugamae
nyūjō (入場) – the act of entering the shajō
nyūjōguchi (入場口) – shajō entrance, also called iriguchi
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O

ōbanare (大離れ) – large hanare with both hands
obi (帯) – belt
ochi (落) – final ite in a tachi
ochigata (落肩) – the left shoulder is lower than the right (cf. sashigata)
ochimae (落前え) – next to last ite in a tachi
ochiruhanare (落ちる離れ) – hanare where the hands drop lower than the level of the shoulders
ōgoshi (大腰) – the smaller convex curve on the lower part of the yumi
okuribanare (送り離れ) – hanare where the right hand "bounces back" in the direction of the mato
ōmae (大前) – first ite in a tachi
oshide (押手) – the left hand (oshide - katte)
oshidegake (押手弽) – protector for the left hand
otokoshibushi (乙腰節) – the second joint from the bottom on the todake side of a takeyumi
otoya (乙矢) – the second ya
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R

rei (礼) – deep bow; etiquette
reishakei (礼射系) – the "modern" form of shooting, using issoku ashibumi and holding the ya by the shaft 10cm from the yajiri in toriyumi no shisei (cf. bushakei)
renshi (錬士) – lowest master rank (see shōgō)
rissha (立射) – shooting in standing form
ritsurei (立礼) – a standing rei
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S

sadame no za (定めの座) – area in the shajō where rei is performed during sharei
sanjūjūmonji (三重十文字) – "the three crosses" - correct body alignment in dōzukuri
sanmi-ittai (三位一体) – when the "three parts" - body, mind, and yumi - become one
sashigata (差肩) – the left shoulder is higher than the right (cf. ochigata)
sashinutai (左進右退) – a principle of moving - when moving forward, always start with the left foot; when moving backwards, always start with the right foot (cf. kashinjotai)
sayukintō (左右均等) – the left and right sides are equal
seiki (精気) – spiritual energy
seikitai (精気体) – the body is filled with kiryoku and energy (cf. shikitai)
seikō/seikoku (正鵠) – the centre of the mato; bull's-eye
seishahitchū (正射必中) – kyudo saying - "correct shooting makes for true hitting"
seiza (正坐) – sitting on the knees
seki-ita/sekitomeita (関板 / 関止め板) – pieces of wood on the inside of a yumi at either end that protects the yumi from wear from the tsuru
sempai (先輩) – person who has practiced longer/has a higher grade than you (cf. dōhai, kōhai)
sensei (先生) – teacher, instructor
sesshurei (折手礼) – a slightly deeper zarei, where the palms touch the floor and the fingertips start pointing inward, in line with the knees (cf. gōshurei, shikenrei, sōshurei, takushurei)
setta (雪駄) – sandals
shagi (射技) - another word for shajutsu
shaheki (射癖) – bad habit in your shooting
shahin (射品) - shooting with elegance and refinement
shahō (射法) – the principles of shooting
shahō hassetsu (射法八節) – (see hassetsu)
shai (射位) – shooting line in the shajō
shajitsu (射術) - same as shajutsu
shajō (射場) – shooting hall in the dōjō
shajutsu (射術) - the shooting technique
shakai (射会) – a taikai where a kyōgi is held
shakei (射型) - the shooting form
shamen uchiokoshi (斜面打起し) – a "classical" form of shooting, with a slanting yugamae and oblique uchiokoshi (cf. shōmen uchiokoshi)
sharei (的礼) – ceremonial shooting
shibe no hanare (四部の離れ) – ideal hanare where the four points - left and right hand and left and right shoulder - separate all at the same time
shikenrei (指建礼) – a shallow zarei, where only the fingertips touch the floor (cf. gōshurei, sesshurei, sōshurei, takushurei)
shikitai (死気体) – the body is empty of kiryoku and energy (cf. seikitai)
shimohazu (下弭) – lower tip of the yumi
shimosekiita (下関板) – the sekiita on the lower end of the yumi
shimoza (下座) – the lower position, the side opposite the kamiza in the shajō, also called geza
shin zen bi (真善美) – truth, goodness, beauty - the basic tenet of kyudo
shimpan (審判) – judge/referee at examinations/competitions
shimpanin seki (審判員席) – (see wakishōmen)
shinsa (審査) – examination
shinsa no maai (審査の間合い) – examination timing
shitagake (下がけ) – inner glove worn under the kake
shitahagi (下矧) – another word for motohagi
shitakirizumedō (下切詰籐) – rattan wrapping at the lower end of a takeyumi that holds the todake, uchidake and uwasekiita together
shitanaribushi (下成節) – the second joint from the bottom on the uchidake side of a takeyumi
shitaoshi (下押し) – incorrect tenouchi, with a bent wrist with the fist pushing upwards from below (cf. betaoshi, nakaoshi)
shitazuru (下弦) – the part of the tsuru that is below the nakajikake
shitazuru o hiku (下弦を引く) – drawing by pulling with the lower part of the tsurumakura
shitsu (失) – an error during shooting, most often dropping the ya or yumi, or breaking the tsuru during the hassetsu
shizen no hanare (自然の離れ) – hanare that occurs naturally at the correct moment
shizentai (自然体) – natural body position
shōgō (称号) – master ranks (see renshi, kyoshi, hanshi)
shoimato (背負い的) – the ashibumi line points in front of the mato (cf. dakimato)
shōkon (掌根) – the base of the palm
shōmen (正面) – front
shōmen uchiokoshi (正面打起し) – a "modern" form of shooting, with a centred yugamae and vertical uchiokoshi (cf. shamen uchiokoshi)
sobaki (側木) – the strips of wood on the sides of a takeyumi, between the uchidake and todake
sodesuribushi (袖摺節) – the third joint from the yajiri on a takeya
sonkyo (蹲踞) – squatting position on the toes, without the knees touching the floor
soridō (反り胴) – leaning backwards (see godō)
sōshurei (双手礼) – the next to deepest zarei, where the palms touch the floor and the fingertips almost meet in front of the knees, also called fukairei (cf. gōshurei, sesshurei, shikenrei, takushurei)
subiki (素引き) – drawing the yumi without a nocked ya
suki ga nai (隙がない) – posture and movements where nothing is wasted
sumashi (澄し) – clearing wordly thoughts and calming the mind
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T

tabi (足袋) – Japanese toed socks
tachi (立ち) – shooting in a group, usually five persons
tachifuda (立札) – shooting place marker
tada yazuka (ただ矢束) – kai without tsumeai or nobiai
taihai (体配) – correct movements prior to, during, and following the hassetsu in a tachi
taijō (退場) – the act of exiting the shajō
taijōguchi (退場口) – shajō exit, also called deguchi
taikai (大会) – grand meeting
taikei (体型) – one's physique
take (竹) – bamboo
takeya (竹矢) – bamboo arrow
takeyumi (竹弓) – bamboo bow
takushurei (拓手礼) – a medium-deep zarei, where the palms touch the floor with the hands slightly in front of the knees (cf. gōshurei, sesshurei, shikenrei, sōshurei)
tanden (丹田) – centre of the body, just below the navel
tasuki (襷) – ribbon used by women to tie up the kimono sleeves when shooting
tasukisabaki (襷捌き) – the method of tying the tasuki
tatesen (縦線) – the vertical line through the center of the body
tateyokojūmonji (縦横十文字) – the relationship of the vertical and horizontal lines formed by the spine, neck and shoulders
tekichū (的中) – a hit (cf. hazure)
tekichūjōgi (的中定規) – string ruler
tenmonsuji (天文筋) – the line formed in the palm when folding the knuckles
tenouchi (手の内) – the grip of the left hand on the yumi
teru (照る) – the yumi is tilted backwards when shooting
teshita (手下) – the part of the yumi below the nigiri
teshitabushi (手下節) – the joint just below the nigiri on the todake side of a takeyumi
todake (外竹) – the outer face of a takeyumi
togakeba (外掛羽) – the outer hane of a nocked ya
tōgashira (籐頭) – the part of the yumi where the nigiri and yazuridō meet
torikake (取懸け) – gripping the tsuru with the kake
torikake no maai (物見返しの間合い) – the fastest timing in a mochimato sharei (cf. gensoku no maai and monomigaeshi no maai)
torikatabushi (鳥肩節) – the third joint from the top on the todake side of a takeyumi
toriuchi (鳥打ち) – the large convex curve on the upper part of the yumi
toriya (取矢) – holding the otoya in the right hand while shooting the haya
toriyumi no shisei (執弓の姿勢) – basic posture while holding the yumi and ya
tōteki (投的) – to hit with wrong technique; a meaningless hit (cf. kanteki, zaiteki)
totsudō (突胴) – another word for kakarudō (see godō)
tsuki no wa (月の輪) – lower tsuruwa
tsumasoroe (爪揃え) – lining up the tips of the middle, ring, and little fingers on the left hand in tenouchi
tsumeai (詰合い) – physical expansion of the body during kai, one of the six checkpoints in kai
tsunomi (角見) – the base of the thumb
tsuru (弦) – string
tsurube (釣瓶) – another word for gensoku no maai
tsurugire (弦切れ) – when the tsuru breaks
tsurumaki (弦巻) – holder for spare tsuru
tsurumakura (弦枕) – a built-up area on the thumb of the kake that creates a groove for the tsuru (see tsurumizo)
tsurumichi (弦道) – the path that the tsuru travels during hikiwake
tsurumizo (弦溝) – the groove for the tsuru on the thumb of the kake that is formed by the tsurumakura
tsurune (弦音) – the sound of the tsuru at hanare
tsurushirabe (弦調べ) – checking the tsuru during yugamae
tsutsusode (筒袖) – a narrow-sleeved jacket that can be worn under wafuku in cold weather
tsuruwa (弦輪) – the loop at each end of the tsuru
tsutsumigawa (包皮) – the piece of leather on the tip of the inside of the thumb on the kake
tsutsusode (筒袖) – a narrow-sleeved jacket that can be worn under wafuku in cold weather
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U

uchibukuro (内袋) – inner sleeve for the yumi
uchidake (内竹) – the inner face of a takeyumi, also called maedake
uchikiri (打ち切り) – gripping the yumi too tight, preventing yugaeri
uchiokoshi (打起し) – stage four of the hassetsu - lifting the bow
urahagi (末矧) – another word for uwahagi
urahazu (末矧) – another word for uwahazu
urazori (裏反り) – the height of the recurve of an unstrung yumi
uwabanare (上離れ) – hanare in which the right hand, or both, release upward
uwagi (上着) – the short-sleeved keikogi that is normally worn during practice
uwahagi (上矧) – the binding of the fletching on a ya on the side closest to the hazu, also called urahagi
uwahazu (上弭) – upper tip of the yumi, also called urahazu
uwanaribushi (上成節) – the second joint from the top on the uchidake side of a takeyumi
uwaoshi (上押し) – incorrect tenouchi, with a bent wrist with the fist pushing downwards from above
uwasekiita (上関板) – the sekiita on the upper end of the yumi
uwazuru (上弦) – the part of the tsuru that is above the nakajikake
uwazuru o hiku (上弦を引く) – drawing by pulling with the upper part of the tsurumakura
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W

wafuku (和服) – traditional Japanese clothing, worn by high-graded practitioners (kimono)
wakinaka (脇中) – the side opening in a hakama, also called momodachi
wakishōmen (脇正面) – the side to the front where the judges sit, also called shimpanin seki
waraji (草鞋) – woven hemp pad for preparing the tsuru, also called magusune
warikomi (割込) – opening the chest at hanare, also called munewari
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Y

ya (矢) – arrow
yabusame (流鏑馬) – a form of horseback archery
yadokoro (矢所) – the place where a released ya lands
yadome (矢止め) – safety net to catch ya that miss the azuchi
yagoe (矢声) – an audible kiai
yagoro (彀) – the perfect moment for hanare
yaguchi (矢口) – the point where the yumi and ya intersect
yaguchi ga aku (矢口が空く) – when the yumi and ya lose contact
yairo (矢色) – when a ya wobbles in flight
yajiri (矢尻) – arrowhead, also called itatsuki, yanone, or zoku
yakazugeiko (矢数稽古) – another word for kazugeiko
yakobore (矢零れ) – a nocked ya that comes loose from the tsuru before hanare, and falls down; also called hazukobore
yamakura (矢枕) – the thumb joint on the yunde where the ya rests
yamakura ochiru (矢枕落ちる) – the ya falls off the thumb joint on the yunde during the draw, but is still attached to the tsuru
yame (止め) – command to stop
yami no nerai (闇の狙い) – aiming by covering the whole mato with the yazuridō, also called kurai no nerai or ariake no nerai
yamichi (矢道) – shooting range in the dōjō
yanone (矢の根) – another word for yajiri
yanori (矢乗り) – the path of the ya in flight
yasaki (矢先) – the front part of the ya
yashaku (矢尺) – length of the ya
yasuji (矢筋) – the direction the ya will fly, aiming along this line in kai
yatate (矢立て) – rack for the ya in the dōjō
yatobi (矢飛び) – the flight of the ya
yatori (矢取り) – fetching ya from the matoba
yatorimichi (矢取り道) – path along the yamichi for fetching ya
yatsugae (矢番え) – nocking the ya
yawatashi (矢渡) – the sharei that commences a taikai
yazuka (矢束) – one's draw length
yazuka ippai (矢束一杯) – achieving maximum draw in kai, one of the six checkpoints in kai
yazuridō (矢摺籐) – rattan wrapping above the nigiri that protects the yumi from wear from the ya
yazuribushi (矢摺節) – the joint that lies underneath the yazuridō, just at the tōgashira, on the uchidake side of a takeyumi
yazutsu (矢筒) – quiver
yobiya (予備矢) – another word for kaeya
yobiyumi (予備弓) – another word for kaeyumi
yobizuru (予備弦) – another word for kaezuru
yokosen (横線) – horizontal line through the shoulders
yonsun/yonsunnobi (四寸 / 四寸伸) – a yumi that is 4 sun (12cm) longer than a standard yumi
yotsugake (四つ弽) – a four-finger kake
yotsuya (四つ矢) – shooting with four ya, also called futate
yū (揖) – shallow bow
yūdansha (有段者) – dan grade holder, cf. yūkyūsha
yudaoshi (弓倒し) – lowering the yumi after zanshin, back to toriyumi no shisei
yugaeri (弓返り) – rotation of the yumi at hanare
yugake (弓弽) – (see kake)
yugamae (弓構え) – stage three of the hassetsu - gripping the yumi
yuki no metsuke (雪の目付け) – looking at the mato with a slight squint
yūkyūsha (有級者) – kyu grade holder, cf. yūdansha
yumi (弓) – bow
yumibukuro (弓袋) – cover bag for the yumi
yumifutokoro (弓懐) – the circular space in front of the body formed by the ensō in yugamae
yumihariita (弓張板) – wooden block that supports the uwahazu when stringing the yumi
yumimaki (弓巻) – cover wrap for the yumi
yuminari (弓成り) – the shape of a strung yumi seen from the side, also called harigao
yumitate (弓立て) – rack for the yumi in the dōjō
yumiya (弓矢) – the yumi and the ya
yunde (弓手) – the left hand (yunde - mete)
yunde no hanare (弓手の離れ) – hanare with the left hand, pushing towards the mato
yurumi (緩み) – tsumeai collapsing before hanare
yuzuriba (弓摺り羽) – another word for hōzuriba
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Z

zaiteki (在的) – to hit with perfection in both technique and spirit (cf. kanteki, tōteki)
zannen (残念) – to miss with all arrows (cf. kaichū and hawake)
zanshin (残身 / 残心) – stage eight of the hassetsu - follow-through
zarei (坐礼) – a sitting rei
zasha (坐射) – shooting in sitting form
zoku (鏃) – another word for yajiri
zōri (草履) – sandals
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